面对互联网时代呈指数增长的全球数据流量, 超高速通信的发展需求日益迫切, 太赫兹通信因拥有巨大的可用带宽资源, 成为下一代超高速无线通信关键技术之一。太赫兹通信系统分为电子学与光子辅助两种类型, 其中后者在通信速率、频率灵活调控、与光纤接入网无缝融合等方面具有独特优势。首先介绍了典型光子辅助太赫兹通信系统的基本原理, 在此基本原理框架下, 梳理了系统中信号生成与接收、多维复用以及概率整形等技术的研究进展, 并探讨了该类通信系统需要进一步解决的问题。

Filament- and plasma-grating-induced breakdown spectroscopy (F-GIBS) was demonstrated as an efficient technique for sensitive detection of metals in water, where plasma gratings were established through synchronized nonlinear interaction of two noncollinear filaments and an additional filament was generated with another fs laser beam propagating along their bisector. A water jet was constructed vertically to the three co-planar filaments, overcoming side effects from violent plasma explosion and bubble generation. Three distinct regimes of different mechanisms were validated for nonlinear couplings of the third filament with plasma gratings. As the third filament was temporally overlapped with the two noncollinear filaments in the interaction zone, all the three filaments participated in synchronous nonlinear interaction and plasma grating structures were altered by the addition of the third filament. As the third filament was positively or negatively delayed, the as-formed plasma gratings were elongated by the delayed third filament, or plasma gratings were formed in the presence of plasma expansion of the ahead third filament, respectively. Using F-GIBS for trace metal detection in water, significant spectral line enhancements were observed.

铁氧体环行器是承载航天器微波系统大功率的关键器件，其大功率微放电效应是影响航天器在轨安全、可靠运行的瓶颈问题。从影响微放电效应的关键因素——二次电子发射特性出发，提出铁磁性微波部件微放电效应物理演变模型，揭示了铁磁性微波部件内部初始自由电子与二次电子运动的空间规律；通过改变铁磁性微波部件表面二次电子发射特性，揭示了铁磁性微波部件抗微放电优化设计的物理原理。在S频段铁氧体环行器中验证了基于表面二次电子发射特性的微放电效应抑制，将器件的微放电阈值从380 W提高至3400 W以上，提升效率大于900%。